Pool Filter Cleaning is one of the most critical yet often overlooked aspects of pool maintenance. It’s the unsung hero working tirelessly behind the scenes to keep your water sparkling, safe, and inviting. Without a clean and efficient filter, your pool can quickly turn from a backyard oasis into a cloudy, debris-filled headache. This comprehensive guide will walk you through everything you need to know about keeping your filter in top condition, ensuring you spend more time swimming and less time troubleshooting.
Think of your pool filter as your home’s kidney—it removes impurities, dirt, and contaminants from the water. Over time, this debris builds up, hindering the filter’s performance. This not only leads to poor water quality but also puts significant strain on your pool pump, potentially leading to costly repairs. Regular cleaning restores water flow, improves filtration efficiency, and extends the life of your entire pool system.
When Does Your Pool Filter Need Cleaning?
Before diving into the “how,” it’s essential to understand the “when.” Cleaning your filter too often can be counterproductive, as a slightly dirty filter can actually trap smaller particles more effectively. Conversely, waiting too long can cause serious problems. The key indicator is your filter’s pressure gauge.
When you first install a new filter or after a thorough cleaning, take note of the pressure reading on the gauge—this is your “clean” or “starting” pressure. A simple rule of thumb is to clean the filter when the gauge reads 8-10 PSI (pounds per square inch) above that starting pressure. Other signs that it’s time for a clean include:
Reduced water flow: If the water returning to your pool from the jets seems weak, your filter is likely clogged.
* Persistent cloudy water: If your water remains cloudy despite balanced chemicals, the filter isn’t doing its job.
A Step-by-Step Guide to Pool Filter Cleaning
The cleaning method depends entirely on the type of filter you have. The two most common types for residential pools are sand and cartridge filters. We’ll cover the process for both.
How to Clean a Sand Filter (Backwashing)
A sand filter uses a special grade of sand to trap debris. Cleaning it involves a process called “backwashing,” which reverses the flow of water through the filter to flush the trapped dirt out.
Here’s how to do it:
1. Turn Off the Pump: This is the most important first step. Never move the multiport valve handle while the pump is running, as this can damage the valve gasket.
2. Set to BACKWASH: Press down firmly on the multiport valve handle and turn it to the “BACKWASH” position.
3. Roll Out the Hose: Attach your backwash hose to the waste port on the valve and run it to a suitable drainage area (check local regulations for proper disposal).
4. Turn the Pump On: Turn the pump back on and let it run. You’ll see dirty water flowing out of the backwash hose.
5. Watch the Water: Continue backwashing for 2-5 minutes, or until the water running through the hose turns clear.
6. Turn Off the Pump: Once the water is clear, turn the pump off again.
7. Set to RINSE: Push the valve handle down and turn it to the “RINSE” position. This resettles the sand bed and prevents sand from returning to your pool.
8. Rinse the Filter: Turn the pump on and let it run for 30-60 seconds.
9. Turn Off the Pump: Shut the pump off one last time.
10. Return to FILTER: Set the multiport valve back to the “FILTER” position.
11. Restart and Record: Turn your pump back on. Note the new, lower pressure on your gauge. This is your new “clean” pressure reading.
How to Clean a Cartridge Filter
A cartridge filter uses a pleated fabric-like material to screen out dirt. Unlike a sand filter, this type requires manual cleaning.
Follow these steps:
1. Turn Off the Pump: Ensure the system is completely powered down at the breaker.
2. Release the Pressure: Slowly turn the air relief valve on top of the filter tank to release any built-up pressure. Wait until the hissing stops.
3. Open the Tank: Unclamp or unscrew the lid of the filter tank and carefully remove it.
4. Remove the Cartridge: Lift the cartridge(s) out of the filter tank.
5. Hose it Down: Using a standard garden hose with a spray nozzle, thoroughly rinse the cartridge. Start at the top and work your way down, making sure to get between each pleat. Avoid using a high-pressure washer, as this can damage the delicate filter fabric.
6. Inspect for Damage: Once clean, inspect the cartridge for any rips, tears, or crushed pleats. If you notice significant wear, it’s time for a replacement.
7. Deep Clean (Optional but Recommended): For a more thorough clean, soak the cartridge overnight in a filter cleaning solution available at any pool supply store. This will break down oils, lotions, and other grime that a simple hose-down can’t remove. Rinse thoroughly after soaking.
8. Reassemble: Carefully place the clean (or new) cartridge back into the tank, secure the lid, and ensure the clamp or lock is tight.
9. Restart the System: Close the air relief valve, turn the pump back on, and then slowly open the air relief valve again to bleed out any trapped air. Once a steady stream of water spurts out, close it. Note the new pressure reading on your gauge.
By making filter cleaning** a regular part of your pool care routine, you’re not just ensuring beautiful, clear water—you’re protecting your investment and guaranteeing a healthy swimming environment for everyone to enjoy.